An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus. Overall, lichen planus affects approximately 2 percent of the population. Mucosal sites of involvement include oral, genital, ocular, otic, esophageal, and, less commonly, bladder, nasal, laryngeal, and anal surfaces. Lichen planus, lichenoid lesions, stomatitis, carcinoma, premalignancy. Oral lichen planus is a cellmediated immune condition. An update on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. Oral lichen planus genetic and rare diseases information. This could be the oral, esophageal, vaginal mucosa as well as the skin. The oral form is a relatively common dermatologic condition that. Focus on etiopathogenesis, archives of oral biology on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Lichen planus lp is a relatively common disorder of the stratified squamous epithelia, which is, in many ways, an enigma.
Most people with lichen planus experience no to few symptoms, others may have painful sores or ulcers in the mouth. Etiopathogenesis although oral lichen planus was initially described in 1869, little is known about mechanisms by which the disease. Oral lichen planus is a cellmediated immune condition and is infrequently encountered in children, with a prevalence of about 0. Sonia gupta 1, manveen kaur jawanda 2 1 department of oral pathology, swami devi dyal hospital and dental college, golpura, barwala, punjab, india 2 laxmibai institute of dental sciences and hospital, patiala, punjab, india. Article information, pdf download for update on oral lichen planus. Oral lichen planus olp is a relatively common mucosal disease that can present isolated or. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic immunerelated condition of the oral mucosa of unknown exact etiology. A prominent trafficking of t cells at the epithelial basement membrane zone has been documented in olp which is.
The clinical features, malignant potential, and systemic associations of oral lichen planus. Pdf the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus researchgate. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting mucosal surfaces. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder of stratified squamous epithelium of uncertain etiology that affects oral and genital mucous membranes, skin, nails, and scalp. Symptoms oral lichen planus signs and symptoms may include one or more of the following. Webmd explains other symptoms, causes, and treatment. Although there is no cure, oral lichen planus can be managed with medications and home remedies. Like most oral pathologies, early, correct diagnosis is very important to manage oral lichen planus and treat flareups successfully. Reticular lesions, the most recognized form of oral lichen planus, often occur as isolated lesions and may be the only clinical. Oral lichenoid reactions olr which are considered variants of olp, may be.
Lichen planus is an itchy skin rash that is caused by an immune response. A periodontal oral medicine approach abdulhameed alsarraf,1 kunj mehta,2 and nabil khzam 3 1ministry of health, kuwait 2private practice, perth 6000 western australia, australia. Lichen planus lesions are described using the six ps. Lichen planus lp is a common chronic inflammatory condition that can affect skin and mucous membranes, including the oral mucosa. Oral mucosal lesions occur in 50 to 70% of the patients with lichen planus and may be exclusive in 20 to 30% of them.
In many instances, oral involvement precedes the appearance of other symptoms or lesions at other locations. Lichen planus is a disease that can affect the skin and any lining mucosa. Which lifestyle changes are beneficial in the treatment of. Update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. The striae are typically located bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. Oral lichen planus causes, symptoms, prognosis, diagnosis. The magic of herbal curcumin therapy in recurrent oral. Lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease affects the oral mucosa oral lichen planus or olp. The role of restorative metals in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Lichen planus lp is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease that frequently affects the oral mucosa. Lichen planus is an inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that can affect the skin, hair, nails, and mucosal surfaces. Edwards, bsc, msc, dds robert kelsch,dmd abstract oral lichen planus olp is a chronic mucosal condition commonly encountered in clinical dental practice. Pdf both antigenspecific and nonspecific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus olp.
It may involve various mucosal surfaces either independently. Oral lichen planus is also seen in children although rare 2,3. Reports of oral lichen planus affecting children are scarce in the literature. Oral lichen planus etiopathogenesis and management jultika. Lichen planus is a chronic immunemediated inflammatory disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. Signs and symptoms include patches of fine white lines and dots most commonly in the inside of the cheeks, gums, andor tongue. In cases of oral lichen planus, the mucous membranes inside your mouth are the only. Oral lichen planus lesions usually have a distinctive clinical morphology and characteristic distribution, but oral lichen planus may also present a confusing array of patterns and forms, and other disorders may clinically mimic oral lichen planus. Because of the anatomic, physiologic and functional peculiarities of the oral cavity, the oral variant of lp olp requires specific evaluations in terms of diagnosis and management. Oral lichen planus rarely involves other sites like scalp, nails, esophagus, larynx and conjunctivae. Oral lichen planus is a chronic disease that causes painful patches inside the mouth. Pdf lichen planus lp is a relatively common disorder of the stratified squamous epithelia, which is, in many ways, an enigma. Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition, mediated by tcell immune response and dysregulation of epithelial keratinization. Pdf oral lichen planus olp is a chronic mucocutaneous disease of uncertain etiopathogenesis.
An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus although the exact. Several factors including stress, genetics, systemic diseases, viruses, dental restorative materials and drugs have been implicated as causative agents. Roles of the matricellular protein tenascinc in tlymphocyte. The etiopathogenesis of lichen planus appears to be complex, with interactions between genetic.
However, a precise elucidation of its etiopathogenesis remains yet unclear carrozzo, 2014. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic immune mediated mucosal disease with unknown etiology. This paper is the consensus outcome of a workshop held in switzerland in 1995, involving a selection of clinicians and scientists with an interest in the condition and its management. Introduction lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease, mainly affects the oral mucosa, when there is no associated cutaneous lichen planus or lichen planus at other mucosal sites it may called as isolated olp. Lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease affects the oral mucosa oral lichen planus or olp besides the skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails. Jul 06, 2017 lichen planus is an itchy skin rash that is caused by an immune response. This paper is the consensus outcome of a workshop held in switzerland in. In cases of oral lichen planus, the mucous membranes inside your mouth are. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and the mucus membrane. Jun 27, 2016 lichen planus lp is a common chronic inflammatory condition that can affect skin and mucous membranes, including the oral mucosa.
The disease most commonly affects middleaged females. Histopathologic features of oral lichen planus, including dense bandlike lymphocytic infiltrate at the interface between the. A comparative treatment study of topical tacrolimus and clobetasol in oral lichen planus. Oral lichen planus olp, the mucosal counterpart of cutaneous lichen planus, presents frequently in the fourth decade of life and affects women more than men in a ratio of 1. Although the disorder may occur in all age groups, women over the age 50 years.
Previous reports have suggested a possible association between lp and thyroid gland diseases tgds. Aug 22, 2012 oral lichen planus lesions usually have a distinctive clinical morphology and characteristic distribution, but oral lichen planus may also present a confusing array of patterns and forms, and other disorders may clinically mimic oral lichen planus. Skin, oral and genital mucosal surfaces, scalp, and nails can be affected. It is one of the most common dermatological disease present in the oral cavity. Oral lichen planus fact sheet oral surgeon indianapolis. Lichen planus lp is a relatively common disorder of the stratified squamous. Several factors including stress, genetics, systemic. Olp is not a classical autoimmune disorder, and the precise etiology of this condition is unknown. Oral lichen planus olp is frequently encountered by the dermatologists and oral physician. Zain1 1department of oral pathology, oral medicine and periodontology, faculty of dentistry.
Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the mucus membrane of the oral cavity. Oral lichen planus is usually a chronic condition and can last for many years. It affects approximately 12% of the general adult population. Reticular oral lichen planus is characterized by painless white streaks in a lacy or fernlike pattern, including raised hyperkeratotic papules and plaques. Oral lichen planus olp is a chronic mucocutaneous disease of uncertain etiopathogenesis. An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus although the exact etiology is unknown. Clinical presentation and management reticular olp the reticular form is the most common type of olp. Oral lichen planus with malignant transformation to invasive. The posterior buccal mucosa is most frequently involved, followed by the tongue, gingiva, and vermilion of the lower lip. It is mostly found in middle aged and elderly indian population with a prevalence rate of 2. Even though, lot of research is carried out on this disease, still the precise etiopathogenesis and treatment is controversial. Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory, a noninfectious disease that causes lesions on the buccal mucosa, tongue andor gums.
Cutaneous lichen planus is recurrent, pruritic8,9 and noncontagious. According to literature immunity, plays a key role in etiology of lichen planus. The extent of oral involvement is highly predictive of the severity and prognosis of gvhd. Although olp is considered as the oral manifestation or oral counter part of cutaneous lp, there are essential differences in the biological behavior of these two conditions, especially regarding the. Although oral lichen planus does not increase the risk of dental caries or gingival disease, painful oral lichen planus lesions particularly those on the gums can limit the patients ability to. Current literature has predominantly sided with the notion that oral lichen planus olp carries the risk for malignant potential. Oral lichen planus may manifest in one of five patterns. Pdf etiopathogenesis of oral lichen planus and epstein. Lichen planus is believed to represent an abnormal immune response in which epithelial cells are recognized.
As there is a risk of malignant potential reported with this disease, early diagnosis and proper management of the patient is necessary. Oral lichen planus olp is the mucosal counterpart of cutaneous lichen planus and it was first described in 1866 as white papular eruptions in the oral cavity. Oral lichen planus was first described clinically by erasmus wilson in 1869 and histologically by dubdreuilh in the year 1906. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible associations between oral lichen planus olp and tgds.
Many contributing factors are suggested in the etiopathogenesis of lichen planus. Oral lichen planus is a mucosal variant of lichen planus, which tends to affect women more often than men, with a typically more chronic. Jun 09, 2017 oral lichen planus is a cellmediated immune condition and is infrequently encountered in children, with a prevalence of about 0. Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease which can affect the oral mucosa, skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails. Although oral lichen planus predominantly occurs in adults older than. Vitamin d as a cofactor in the disease is scar cely discussed in the literature. Jul 31, 2019 lichen planus lp is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that commonly affects the oral cavity. This article discusses different hypotheses that have been suggested. Homeopathic treatment for oral lichen planus by dr.
Pdf lichen planus is an inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder. Oral lichen planus is a inflammatory condition that affects the inside of the mouth. Although oral lichen planus predominantly occurs in adults older than 40 years, younger adults and children can also be affected. Erosive oral lichen planus involving the unattached gingiva. Oral surg oral med oral pathol oral radiol endod 2005. Oral lichen planus olp is a very common dermatologic disease which can affect the skin and oral mucosa and is one of the most frequent oral pathologies encountered by dental hygienists. It presents as interlacing white keratotic lines known as wickhams striae with an erythematous border fig. The etiology behind olp developing into oral squamous cell carcinoma is poorly understood. The disease has most often been reported in middleaged patients more commonly in females than males 1.
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